Impact of May 2024 Solar Storm on Earth's Oceans and Magnetism: Insights and Preparation for Future Events

The solar storm that took place in May 2024 not only painted the sky with mesmerizing Northern Lights but also had a profound impact on the depths of the ocean. Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) observed a significant distortion in the Earth's magnetic field through the magnetic compasses utilized to monitor the ocean off the coast of Canada. This distortion was a result of the powerful influx of solar particles discharged by the Sun during the storm.

Studying these intense solar storms is crucial for scientists to gain a deeper understanding of their effects and better prepare for future events. It will provide valuable insights into how Earth is influenced by such solar phenomena. Physicist Justin Albert from the University of Victoria in Canada highlighted that the upcoming two years are anticipated to witness the peak of the 11-year solar cycle, leading to more frequent aurora events due to heightened solar activity.

Albert emphasized, "ONC's network could provide valuable information on how solar activity impacts Earth's magnetism."

The Mystery Behind the Sun's Activity

Solar storms, also known as geomagnetic storms, carry a significant impact on Earth and are triggered by eruptions on the Sun's surface that release vast quantities of material intertwined with magnetic fields into the Solar System. When these coronal mass ejections (CME) reach Earth, they interact with the magnetic field, causing particles to accelerate and enter our atmosphere, resulting in breathtaking auroras.

The recent surge in solar activity can be attributed to the Sun nearing a solar maximum as it approaches the peak of its 11-year activity cycle. This was observed by ONC data specialist Alex Slonimer in compass data back in March. Slonimer shared, "I initially suspected it might be an earthquake, but the duration and widespread nature of the changes made that less likely.I then considered solar activity due to the recent spike in solar flare activity."